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Une étude menée par le "Labour institute for Economic research"sur les conséquences d'une mesure appliquée en Finlande entre 1993 et 1995 qui permettait d'embaucher de jeunes salariés en dessous du minimum de la profession.
http://www.labour.fi/tutkimusjulk/tyopaperit/sel238.pdf

La conclusion de cette étude est que cela été sans effet notable sur le taux de chômage des jeunes.

Conclusions

Following an agreement between the trade unions and the employers’ organisations,

Finnish employers could pay less than the existing minimum wage for young workers

for two years between 1993 and 1995. We examine the effects of these minimum

wage exceptions by comparing the changes in wages and employment of the groups

whose minimum wages were reduced with simultaneous changes among slightly older

workers for whom the minimum wage regulation was still binding. We discover that

average wages in the eligible group declined only modestly. We could not detect any

positive effects on employment.

At first sight, the findings for the minimum wage exceptions are somewhat surprising,

given the prevailing macroeconomic situation. Excess supply of labour should have

made it relatively easy to attract workers even with low wages. According to the LFS

by Statistics Finland, the unemployment rate was 31% for workers aged 20-24 in

1994. One explanation is that even in times of high unemployment employers were

not willing to pay less than the old minimum, fearing that paying less than a fair wage

would have adverse effects on effort. Experimental evidence supports this reasoning

(Falk

Krueger (1992), who noted the low utilization of subminimum wages in a situation

where employers could have paid less than the minimum rate. In particular, it may be

difficult for firms to justify the payment of different wages for the same work for

workers with different ages. Then a temporary reduction in minimum wages for the

youngest workers does not cause significant changes in actual wages. This does not

the rule out the possibility that the reduction of minimum wages across the board or a

more permanent reduction in minimum wages would not have any effects.